Advances in Immunotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Treatment strategies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have achieved unprecedented revolutionary breakthroughs. Represented by programmed cell death protein-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, immunotherapy has been applied across all therapeutic stages of NSCLC. Surgical resection remains a preferred intervention for resectable NSCLC. The advent of immune-checkpoint-inhibitor‑based therapies has substantially improved clinical outcomes of NSCLC. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated favorable safety and feasibility profiles of immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC management. Nevertheless, authoritative prognostic assessment tolls, optimized therapeutic regimens and standardized treatment durations are still lacking. This review elaborates on the developmental process, mechanism of action and current research status of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC. Continuous discovery of novel targets, mechanisms and advanced therapeutic modalities will further satisfy clinical demands for long‑term survival of NSCLC patients.