Impact of Hyperglycemia and Hyperuricemia on Diabetic Kidney Disease and Research Progress

Abstract

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), as one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes, has become a significant focus of current research regarding its pathogenesis, progression mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches. Among the numerous risk factors for DKD, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia can synergistically promote the onset and progression of DKD through multiple mechanisms. This article systematically elucidates the impact of hyperglycemia on DKD via mechanisms including the polyol pathway, protein kinase C activation, and advanced glycation end-product formation, as well as the impact of hyperuricemia through inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, it explores the synergistic effects of hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia and clinical management strategies for DKD complicated with hyperuricemia, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of DKD.