Relationship between Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Reproductive Tract Microbiota and Research Progress on the Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Abstract

The pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has not been fully elucidated. Reproductive tract microecological imbalance is considered one of its important pathogenic mechanisms. Based on the theory of “habitual abortion” (huatai), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with tonifying kidney and strengthening spleen as the main therapeutic principles, has preliminarily demonstrated potential in regulating reproductive tract microecology, improving immune imbalance, and enhancing endometrial receptivity. This review aims to summarize the pathological pathways by which microecological imbalance mediates RSA and to reveal the unique advantages of TCM in multi-target and multi-pathway intervention of RSA, thereby providing a theoretical basis for clarifying the scientific connotation of TCM in improving the reproductive microenvironment.