Acupuncture for Myopia: Clinical Acupoint Selection Patterns and Research Progress

Abstract

Myopia has become a global health concern with rapidly increasing prevalence, particularly in East Asian countries. As a non-pharmacological intervention, acupuncture has gained considerable attention for its potential in managing myopia progression and improving visual function. This comprehensive review examines the clinical acupoint selection patterns and research progress in acupuncture treatment for myopia. Through analysis of recent clinical studies, systematic reviews, and data mining research, we identify the most frequently used acupoints, including Zanzhu (BL2), Jingming (BL1), Sibai (ST2), and Taiyang (EX-HN5). The principle of point selection primarily follows the theory of local point combination, with emphasis on the Bladder Meridian and Stomach Meridian points around the ocular region. Emerging evidence from randomized controlled trials suggests that acupuncture, particularly when combined with other traditional Chinese medicine therapies, may be effective in improving visual acuity and reducing refractive error progression in myopic patients, especially children and adolescents. However, methodological limitations in existing studies highlight the need for more rigorous research with standardized protocols and long-term follow-up assessments.