Clinical Characteristics and Related Factors of Pediatric Crohn’s Disease with Perianal Disease

Abstract

Objective: Perianal Lesions are among the most serious complications of Crohn disease in pediatric. our objective was to analyze the chinical characteristics of crohn's disease with perianal disease in children. And explore the influencing factors of perianal crohn's disease. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the children, who were diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) from April 2019 to April 2023. According to the American gastroenterological association technical review criteria (2003 edition), they were divided into two groups: the perianal lesion (PD) group (n=38) and non- perianal lesion group(n=41). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI)scores and treatment. Results: The incidence of crohn's disease with perianal disease was 48.1% (38/79). The mean age of the perianal lesion group was10.78±3.69 years, and 78% were males. Among the perianal lesion group, the most common types are anal fistula and perianal abscess, accounting for 36.8%and44.7%.The level of C-reactive protein(CRP), gender and PCDAI scores in the PD group was significantly higher than that in the non-PD group, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), whlie other serological indexes was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Male children with CD are more likely to be complicated with perianal lesions. When young children, especially boys, have perforation, fistula and other deep penetrating lesions, crohn's disease screening may be considered. The disease activity index of PD crohn's disease in children showed moderate-severe inflammatory changes. Among the perianal lesion group ,there is a high proportion of children with the use of biological agents.