Research Progress on Defocus Spectacle Lenses for Myopia Control in Adolescents

Abstract

Myopia has emerged as a global public health concern, with a particularly rising prevalence among children and adolescents in China. Based on the theory of peripheral retinal defocus, defocus spectacle lenses aim to correct central vision while simultaneously inducing myopic defocus in the peripheral retina to inhibit excessive axial elongation, thereby slowing myopia progression. This article reviews the theoretical foundation and clinical research progress of defocus spectacle lenses in juvenile myopia control, with a focus on analyzing the efficacy of three design types: DIMS, HAL, and CARE. Additionally, factors influencing treatment outcomes and standardized application are discussed to provide a reference for clinical practice.