Research Progress in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Abstract

Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a clinically common degenerative joint disease and a significant factor affecting the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly populations in China. Characterized by the degeneration of knee joint cartilage, it is a chronic condition. Current Western medical treatments include foundational therapy, pharmacological therapy, reparative therapy, and reconstructive surgery. These approaches typically act rapidly, building patient confidence in the short term, but are often associated with significant adverse effects, relatively transient efficacy, and a substantial economic burden. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) employs internal treatments, external therapies, and functional exercises, which generally exhibit fewer adverse effects, relatively stable therapeutic outcomes, are cost-effective and considered more natural, but often require longer treatment courses, and patient compliance can be suboptimal. Both therapeutic systems possess distinct advantages and can ameliorate symptoms in KOA patients. This article compiles, summarizes, and synthesizes recent research advances in the understanding and treatment of KOA within both TCM and Western medicine, aiming to provide novel insights and methodologies for clinical management.