Research and Advances on RecQ5 Helicase in the Pathogenesis of Bone Tumors

Abstract

RecQ5 is a member of the conserved RecQ helicase family and represents the newest member of the human RecQ helicase family. Five RecQ homologs have been identified: RecQL/RecQ1, BLM/RecQ2, WRN/RecQ3, RecQ4, and RecQ5. Dysregulation of RecQ5 has emerged as a significant clinical issue, implicated in cancer susceptibility, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. Research has progressed from studies on the correlation between RecQ5 expression and osteosarcoma tissue malignancy, to the preliminary application of the anti-RecQ helicase monoclonal antibody 6H5 in several tumor cell lines, and further to the identification of RecQ5 as a potential therapeutic target in Janus family cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine kinase 617 (JAK2) in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) patients harboring V2F mutations. Over the past 25 years, extensive research has elucidated RecQ5’s complex functions in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, which are critical for maintaining chromosomal integrity and controlling cell growth. However, substantial clinical research remains needed to establish RecQ5 as a therapeutic target in the clinical management of bone tumors.