Research on Vehicle Scheduling of Battery Swap Stations Based on Online Information Platforms

Abstract

To improve the emergency power supply capability of power grids under sudden blackouts, a hierarchical response scheduling model for a "battery swap station energy hub" is constructed relying on an online information platform and on the premise that battery swap stations are extensively deployed in residential communities. The first-level response is directly triggered by a power grid blackout signal, where the battery swap station acts as an energy storage device to provide emergency power directly to the community power grid. The second-level response relies on the online information platform: when the remaining power of the battery swap station falls below a preset threshold, nearby electric vehicle users are scheduled via various enterprise online platforms to intelligently replenish the battery swap station’s power, ensuring a continuous power supply to the community. For the second-level response, based on real-time online data of battery swap stations, the scope and quantity of user notifications are determined, and a threshold model for users’ safe return power is established. Combined with online vehicle location information and real-time traffic data, a dual-scheme scheduling strategy of time priority and distance priority is proposed, and battery swap information is accurately pushed to target vehicles through online information channels. An online simulation scenario is constructed based on the road network informatization characteristics of Shanghai, and comparative experiments are conducted. The results show that the proposed online scheduling model can stabilize the power of battery swap stations near the low threshold and gradually increase it to the target high value, significantly improving the continuity and stability of emergency power supply. It provides theoretical support and engineering reference for the intelligent scheduling of emergency resources of automotive battery swap stations relying on online information platforms and enhancing the emergency resilience of power grids.