Fractal Characteristics of Landslide Slope Variation-a Case Study of Lanzhou

Abstract

This study investigates the spatial distribution characteristics of landslides using fractal theory. Based on landslide distribution patterns and regional geological conditions in Lanzhou City, we employ variable-dimensional fractal methods to analyze both constant and variable-dimensional fractal features. The results demonstrate that Lanzhou’s landslide systems exhibit higher fractal dimensions in variable-dimensional analysis. The fractal dimension value serves as an indicator of correlation strength between landslides and related factors: higher values indicate stronger correlations, suggesting these factors play more significant roles in landslide occurrence and development. Conversely, lower values suggest relatively weaker influences. For the study area, the correlation ranking of landslide and its influencing factors is slope> elevation> lithology. The fractal dimension obtained by the study can help researchers to better understand the spatial distribution law of landslides in Lanzhou, reveal the complexity and fractal characteristics of landslides in Lanzhou, and thus deeply understand the evolution process and spatial distribution law of landslides.