The Influence of Social Media on Adolescent Identity Formation and Mental Health (2015–2024): A Systematic Review

Abstract

This review examines the complex relationship between social media use and adolescent psychological development, focusing on identity formation and mental health outcomes from 2015 to 2024. Through analysis of recent empirical studies, meta-analyses, and theoretical frameworks, this paper synthesizes current understanding of how social media platforms influence adolescent development during a crucial period of psychological growth. The review highlights both beneficial and detrimental effects, considering mediating factors such as usage patterns, platform types, and individual differences. Findings indicate significant associations between social media use and various aspects of adolescent mental health, including anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and social comparison behaviors, while also revealing potential positive outcomes in areas of identity exploration and social support.